The Asian Development Bank (ADB) financed an ambitious investment and technical assistance program in Ulaanbaatar. The program aimed to promote an inclusive peri-urban development in the ger areas (informal settlements) of Ulaanbaatar, by supporting the socioeconomic development of urban subcenters located in those areas. The program included physical investments in extensions and upgrades to water supply, wastewater collection and district heating infrastructure, and technical assistance in 1.) supporting urban governance, livelihood, and socioeconomic activities through better land use planning, and better access to financing 2.)  improving of the performance of urban service providers; and 3.) reforming legal, regulatory and institutional frameworks for urban service provision.